National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level 2 (NCAC II) Practice Exam Exam

Which ethical perspective suggests that moral decisions depend on the context and consequences?

1. Ethical relativism

2. Humanistic ethics

3. Situational ethics

4. Ethical absolutism

The correct answer is: Ethical relativism

The perspective that most accurately suggests that moral decisions depend on the context and consequences is situational ethics. This approach posits that ethical decision-making should consider the specific circumstances of each situation rather than adhering to fixed moral rules or guidelines. It emphasizes the importance of context in evaluating what is considered right or wrong, allowing for flexibility and adaptation to unique situations. For example, in addiction counseling, a counselor might encounter a scenario where strict adherence to a specific ethical guideline might not yield the best outcome for a client. By utilizing situational ethics, the counselor can evaluate the nuances of the situation, taking into account the potential consequences of various actions, ultimately aimed at achieving the best outcome for the client's welfare. In contrast, ethical relativism suggests that moral standards vary between cultures or individuals, which can lead to ambiguity in moral decision-making. Humanistic ethics focuses on the inherent worth and dignity of individuals but may not specifically account for the contextual nuance. Ethical absolutism holds that there are universal moral principles that apply in all situations without exception. Therefore, situational ethics is the perspective that aligns closely with the dependence on context and consequences in moral decision-making.